Up-to-date information on the availability and prevalence of illegal drugs and the criminal,
health, and social consequences of their use is vital to the implementation of the National
Drug Control Strategy. Such information is also important for measuring the effectiveness
of federal, state, and local drug-control programs. The Office of National Drug Control
Policy�s (ONDCP) Advisory Committee on Research, Data, and Evaluation; Subcommittee
on Data, Research, and Interagency Coordination coordinates the development and analysis
of drug-control information in support of the Strategy. The Office of National Drug
Control Policy Reauthorization Act of 1998 defines ONDCP�s reporting requirements to
include "an assessment of current drug use (including inhalants) and availability, impact of
drug use, and treatment availability." The legislation, quoted here directly, specifies that this
assessment shall include the following:
- estimates of drug prevalence and frequency of
use as measured by national, State, and local
surveys of illicit drug use and by other special
studies of:
- casual and chronic drug use;
- high-risk populations, including school
dropouts, the homeless and transient,
arrestees, parolees, probationers, and
juvenile delinquents; and
- III drug use in the workplace and the
productivity lost by such use;
- an assessment of the reduction of drug
availability against an ascertained baseline, as
measured by:
- the quantities of cocaine, heroin,
marijuana, methamphetamine, and
other drugs available for consumption in
the United States;
- the amount of marijuana, cocaine,
heroin, and precursor chemicals
entering the United States;
- the number of hectares of marijuana,
poppy, and coca cultivated and
destroyed domestically and in other
countries;
- the number of metric tons of marijuana,
heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine
seized;
- the number of cocaine and
methamphetamine processing
laboratories destroyed domestically and
in other countries;
- changes in the price and purity of
heroin and cocaine, changes in the price
of methamphetamine, and changes in
tetrahydrocannabinol level of marijuana;
- the amount and type of controlled
substances diverted from legitimate
retail and wholesale sources; and
- the effectiveness of Federal technology
programs at improving drug detection
capabilities in interdiction, and at
United States ports of entry;
- an assessment of the reduction of the
consequences of drug use and availability,
which shall include estimation of:
- the burden drug users placed on
hospital emergency departments in the
United States, such as the quantity of
drug-related services provided;
- the annual national health care costs of
drug use, including costs associated with
people becoming infected with the
human immunodeficiency virus and
other infectious diseases as a result of
drug use;
- the extent of drug-related crime and
criminal activity; and
- the contribution of drugs to the
underground economy as measured by
the retail value of drugs sold in the
United States;
- a determination of the status of drug
treatment in the United States, by assessing:
- public and private treatment capacity
within each State, including
information on the treatment capacity
available in relation to the capacity
actually used;
- the extent, within each State, to which
treatment is available;
- the number of drug users the Director
estimates could benefit from treatment;
and
- the specific factors that restrict the
availability of treatment services to
those seeking it and proposed
administrative or legislative remedies to
make treatment available to those
individuals; and
- a review of the research agenda of the
Counter-Drug Technology Assessment Center
to reduce the availability and abuse of drugs.
Data are available for many of the areas listed
above; however, there are specific areas for which
measurement systems are not yet fully operational.
The tables presented in this appendix contain the
most current drug-related data on the areas the
1998 ONDCP Reauthorization Act requires
ONDCP to assess.
Back to Top
Data Source Descriptions
The following sections provide brief descriptions
of the major data sources used to develop this appendix.
What America�s Users Spend on Illegal Drugs: 1988�2000
(Source for Tables 1, 3, 32, 39, and 40)
This report estimates total U.S. expenditures on illicit drugs based on available drug
price, purity, and demand data. Data are provided on estimated numbers of users� yearly
and weekly expenditures for drugs, which is combined with drug price/purity data to
calculate trends in total national drug expenditures and consumption. Abt Associates,
Inc., first wrote the report for ONDCP in 1993. It was updated in 1995, 1997, 2000,
and 2001. For each update, estimates for all years are adjusted due to changes in the
database, methodology improvements, and assumption adjustments. See the source
report for details.
National Household Survey on Drug Abuse
(Source for Tables 2, 4, 31, 49, and 50)
The NHSDA measures the prevalence of drug and alcohol use among household
members aged twelve and older. Topics include drug use, health, and demographics.
In 1991, the NHSDA was expanded to include college students in dormitories, persons
living in homeless shelters, and civilians living on military bases. The NHSDA was
administered by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) from 1974 through
1991; the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA)
has administered the survey since 1992. The data collection methodology was changed
from paper-and-pencil interviews (PAPI) to computer-assisted interviews (CAI) in
1999, and the sample was expanded almost fourfold to permit state-level estimates and
more detailed subgroup analyses, including racial/ethnic subgroups and single-year age
categories. This change in method represents a break in trend data after 1998.
Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of the Lifestyles and Values of Youth
(Source for Tables 5 and 6)
Often referred to as the �High School Senior Survey,� the Monitoring the Future (MTF)
study provides information on drug use trends as well as changes in values, behaviors,
and lifestyle orientations of American youth. The study examines drug-related issues,
including recency of drug use, perceived harmfulness of drugs, disapproval of drug use,
and perceived availability of drugs. Although the focus of the MTF study has been high
school seniors and graduates who complete follow-up surveys, 8th and 10th graders
were added to the study sample in 1991. The University of Michigan has conducted the
study under a grant from NIDA since 1975.
Youth Risk Behavior Survey
(Source for Tables 7�9, 11, 74, and 75)
The Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) is a component of the Youth Risk Behavior
Surveillance System (YRBSS), maintained by the Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention (CDC). The YRBSS currently has the following three complementary
components: (1) national school-based surveys, (2) state and local school-based surveys,
and (3) a national household-based survey. Each of these components provides unique
information about various sub-populations of adolescents in the United States.
The school-based survey was initiated in 1990, and the household-based survey was
conducted in 1992. The school-based survey is conducted biennially in odd-numbered
years throughout the decade among national probability samples of 9th through 12th
graders from public and private schools. Schools with a large proportion of black and
Hispanic students are over-sampled to provide stable estimates for these subgroups.
The 1992 Youth Risk Behavior Supplement was administered to one in-school youth
and up to two out-of-school youths in each family selected for the National Health
Interview Survey. In 1992, 10,645 youth ages 12�21 were included in the YRBS sample.
The purpose of the supplement was to provide information on a broader base of youth,
including those not currently attending school, than usually is obtained with surveys and
to obtain accurate information on the demographic characteristics of the household in
which the youth reside. Another component of the YRBSS is the national Alternative
High School Youth Risk Behavior Survey (ALT-YRBS). Conducted in 1998,
ALT-YRBS results are based on a nationally representative sample of 8,918 students
enrolled in alternative high schools who are at high risk for failing or dropping out of
regular high school, or have been expelled from regular high school because of illegal
activity or behavior problems.
The Monetary Value of Saving a High-Risk Youth
(Source for Tables 12 and 13)
Based on estimates of the social costs associated with the typical career criminal,
the typical drug user, and the typical high school dropout, this study calculates the
average monetary value of saving a high-risk youth. The base data for establishing the
estimates are derived from other studies and official crime data that provide information
on numbers and types of crimes committed by career criminals, as well as the costs
associated with these crimes and with drug use and dropping out of school.
Substance Abuse Among Probationers and Inmates
(Source for Table 14)
Conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, Office of Justice Programs, Department
of Justice, the 1997 Survey on Inmates in State and Federal Correctional Facilities
comprises 14,285 interviews for the state survey and 4,041 for the federal survey using
computer-assisted personal interviewing (published in December 1998). The survey is
conducted every 5�6 years. The first national survey of adults on probation was
conducted in 1995 by BJS and provides information on drug use from personal interviews with a national representative sample of more than 2,000 adult probationers
under active supervision (published in March 1998). About 417,000 jail inmates were
surveyed in 1998 as part of the survey of inmates in local facilities. The 1998 survey
included a special addendum on drug testing, sanctions, and interventions.
Homelessness: Programs and the People They Serve
(Source for Tables 15�17)
The National Survey of Homeless Assistance Providers and Clients provides a full
picture of homeless service users in late 1996. It provides updated information about the
providers of homeless assistance services and the characteristics of homeless clients who
use these services. Information from this survey was intended for use by federal agencies
responsible for administering homeless assistance programs and other interested parties.
The U.S. Bureau of the Census carried out the data collection on behalf of the sponsoring
agencies. The survey, released in December 1999, provides the first opportunity since
1987 to update the national picture of homelessness in a comprehensive and reliable way.
The Economic Costs of Drug Abuse in the United States
(Source for Tables 18 and 19)
ONDCP commissioned the study The Economic Costs of Drug Abuse in the United States,
1992�1998 to update a previous study conducted by NIDA and the National Institute
on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) that was released in 1998 and that had
been based on 1992 data. The study also includes cost projections for 1999 and 2000.
The report, conducted by The Lewin Group, uses a cost-of-illness methodology and
was released by ONDCP in January 2002.
National Vital Statistics Report
(Source for Table 20)
Data on drug-induced deaths are based on information from all death certificates filed
(2.3 million in 1997) in the 50 states and the District of Columbia. Information from
the states is provided to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS),
a component of CDC. NCHS tabulates causes of death attributable to drug-induced
mortality, including drug psychoses; drug dependence; nondependent drug use,
not including alcohol and tobacco; accidental poisoning by drugs, medicaments,
and biologicals; suicide by drugs, medicaments, and biologicals; assault from poisoning
by drugs and medicaments; and poisoning by drugs, medicaments, and biologicals,
undetermined whether accidentally or purposely inflicted. Drug-induced causes exclude
accidents, homicides, and other causes indirectly related to drug use. Also excluded are
newborn deaths associated with mothers� drug use. The International Classification
of Diseases, Version 10 (ICD-10) was implemented in 1999 following conventions
defined by the World Health Organization to replace Version 9 (ICD-9), in use since
1979. Because of the change in coding causes of death and the resulting trend
discontinuity, death data for 1998 were recalculated by NCHS to provide a benchmark
for comparison of ICD-9 and ICD-10 results.
Drug Abuse Warning Network
(Source for Tables 21 and 68�72)
The Drug Abuse Warning Network (DAWN) provides data on drug-related emergency
department episodes and medical examiner cases. DAWN assists federal, state, and local
drug policy makers to examine drug use patterns and trends and assess health hazards
associated with drug use. Data are available on deaths and emergency department
episodes by type of drug, reason for taking the drug, demographic characteristics of the
user, and metropolitan area. NIDA maintained DAWN from 1982 through 1991;
SAMHSA has maintained it since 1992.
HIV/AIDS Surveillance Reports
(Source for Tables 22 and 23)
The HIV/AIDS Surveillance Reports are published semi-annually by CDC and contain
tabular and graphic information about U.S. AIDS and HIV case reports, including data
by state, metropolitan statistical area, mode of exposure to HIV, sex, race/ethnicity, age
group, vital status, and case definition category.
Reported Tuberculosis in the United States
(Source for Table 24)
The TB Surveillance Reports are published annually by CDC and contain tabular and
graphic information about reported tuberculosis cases collected from 59 reporting areas
(the 50 states, the District of Columbia, New York City, U.S. dependencies and
possessions, and independent nations in free association with the United States).
The reports include statistics on tuberculosis case counts and case rates by states and
metropolitan statistical areas, with tables of selected demographic and clinical
characteristics (e.g., race/ethnicity, age group, country of origin, form of disease, and
drug resistance). The reports also include information on injection drug use and
non-injection drug use among TB cases.
Summary of Notifiable Diseases
(Source for Table 25)
This publication contains summary tables of the official statistics for the reported
occurrence of nationally notifiable diseases in the United States, including hepatitis.
These statistics are collected and compiled from reports to the National Notifiable
Diseases Surveillance System, which is operated by CDC in collaboration with the
Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. These data are finalized and published
in CDC�s Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Review Summary of Notifiable Diseases, United
States for use by state and local health departments; schools of medicine and public
health; communications media; local, state, and federal agencies; and other agencies or
persons interested in following the trends of reportable diseases in the United States.
The annual publication of the summary also documents which diseases are considered
national priorities for notification and the annual number of cases of such diseases.
Uniform Crime Reports
(Source for Tables 26 and 27)
The Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) is a nationwide census of thousands of city,
county, and state law enforcement agencies. The goal of the UCR is to count in a
standardized manner the number of offenses, arrests, and clearances known to police.
Each law enforcement agency voluntarily reports data on crimes. Data are reported for the
following nine index offenses: murder and manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated
assault, burglary, larceny, theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson. Data on drug arrests,
including arrests for possession, sale, and manufacturing of drugs, are included in the
database. Distributions of arrests for drug violations by demographics and geographic areas
are also available. UCR data have been collected since 1930; the FBI has collected data
under a revised system since 1991.
Survey of Inmates of Local Jails
(Source for Table 28)
The Survey of Inmates of Local Jails provides nationally representative data on inmates
held in local jails, including those awaiting trials or transfers and those serving sentences.
Survey topics include inmate characteristics, offense histories, drug use, and drug treatment.
The Bureau of Justice Statistics has conducted the survey every 5�6 years since 1972.
About 417,000 jail inmates were surveyed in 1998 as part of the survey of inmates in local
facilities. The 1998 survey included a special addendum on drug testing, sanctions,
and interventions.
Survey of Inmates in Federal Correctional Facilities and Survey of Inmates in State
Correctional Facilities
(Sources for Table 28)
The Survey of Inmates in Federal Correctional Facilities (SIFCF) and Survey of Inmates in
State Correctional Facilities (SISCF) provide comprehensive background data on inmates in
federal and state correctional facilities, based on confidential interviews with a sample of
inmates. Topics include current offenses and sentences, criminal histories, family and
personal backgrounds, gun possession and use, prior alcohol and drug treatment, and
educational programs and other services provided in prison. The SIFCF and SISCF were
sponsored jointly in 1991 by BJS and the Bureau of Prisons and conducted by the U.S.
Bureau of the Census. Similar surveys of state prison inmates were conducted in 1974, 1979,
and 1986. The most recent SIFCF and SISCF were conducted in 1997.
National Prisoner Statistics Program
(Source for Table 28)
The National Prisoner Statistics Program provides an advance count of federal, state, and
local prisoners immediately after the end of each calendar year, with a final count published
by BJS later in the year.
Uniform Facility Data Set/National Drug and Alcoholism Treatment Unit Survey
(Source for Tables 29, 30, and 51)
The Uniform Facility Data Set (UFDS) measures the location, scope, and characteristics
of drug and alcohol treatment facilities throughout the United States. The survey
collects data on unit ownership, type, and scope of services provided; sources of funding;
number of clients; treatment capacities; and utilization rates. Data are reported for a
point prevalence date in the fall of the year in which the survey is administered.Many
questions focus on the 12 months before that date. The UFDS, then called the National
Drug and Alcoholism Treatment Unit Survey (NDATUS), was administered jointly by
NIDA and the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism from 1974 to 1991.
Since 1992, SAMHSA has administered UFDS.
Closing the Drug Abuse Treatment Gap
(Source for Table 31)
The Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) issued a report to the
President on an inventory of drug treatment need and capacity. The report includes
national and state estimates of the drug treatment gap based on the NHSDA and
proposes a comprehensive plan to close the gap. This table reports estimates of the
number of individuals who needed, in the past year, treatment for an illicit drug
problem, by demographic characteristics.
Estimation of Cocaine Availability, 1996�1998
(Source for Table 32)
ONDCP is developing a flow model for cocaine, called the Sequential Transition and
Reduction (STAR) Model. The STAR model is anchored to two annual estimates of
cocaine availability: Andean cultivation estimates and U.S. domestic consumption
estimates. Between these endpoints, other cocaine availabilities are calculated by
sequentially transitioning from one stage to another. For example, from net cultivation,
the model calculates leaf production by applying leaf yield figures and reductions due to
leaf seizures and consumption.
The Price of Illicit Drugs, 1981�2000
(Source for Table 33)
This study commissioned by ONDCP reports national-level drug price and purity
trends for the three major drugs: cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamine. National-level
price trends for marijuana are also provided, but purity trends are not, because THC
content is not provided by DEA�s database. DEA�s System To Retrieve Information on
Drug Evidence (STRIDE) is the primary source of data for this study, providing lab
analyses of street-level drug purchases. Regional price and purity trends are weighted by
DAWN data to calculate a national-level estimate.
Federal-Wide Drug Seizure System
(Source for Table 34)
The Federal-Wide Drug Seizure System (FDSS) is an online computerized system that
stores information about drug seizures made by and with the participation of DEA,
FBI, Customs Service, Border Patrol, and Coast Guard. The FDSS database includes
drug seizures by other federal agencies (such as the Forest Service) to the extent that
custody of the drug evidence was transferred to one of the five agencies identified above.
The FDSS has been maintained by the DEA since 1988.
Eradicated Domestic Cannabis by Plant Type, 1982�2001
(Source for Table 35)
DEA�s Domestic Cannabis Eradication and Suppression Program provides resources to
state and local law enforcement for cannabis eradication. The data tabulated in this table
are from state and local law enforcement reporting of the results of their efforts.
International Narcotics Control Strategy Report
(Source for Tables 36�38 and 41�47)
The International Narcotics Control Strategy Report (INCSR) provides the President
with information on the steps taken by the main illicit drug-producing and transiting
countries to prevent drug production, trafficking, and related money laundering during
the previous year. The INCSR helps determine how cooperative a country has been in
meeting legislative requirements in various geographic areas. Drug supply figures, such
as seizures and cultivation estimates, are forwarded from each host nation, through the
American Embassy, to this U.S. Department of State report.
Estimation of Heroin Availability, 1995�1999
(Source for Table 40)
This research was supported by ONDCP�s Office of Programs, Budget, Research, and
Evaluation. Beginning with domestic heroin consumption estimates and source
distribution data from DEA�s Heroin Signature Program, seizure figures are added to
measure the amount of heroin entering the United States from various source regions.
These estimates are closely correlated to potential heroin production estimates for South
America and Mexico.
DEA Information 7 Reports
(Source for Table 48)
Only a fraction of MDMA seizures are analyzed by DEA�s field laboratories. Those
federal seizures where DEA has an interest in the case but that are not analyzed are
logged into a DEA database. The data form completed for each of those seizures is
referred to as a �DEA Information 7 Report.�
Arrestee Drug Abuse Monitoring/Drug Use Forecasting Program
(Source for Tables 52�66)
The National Institute of Justice established the Drug Use Forecasting (DUF) program
in 1987 to provide an objective assessment of the drug problem among those arrested
and charged with crimes. In 1997, this program became the Arrestee Drug Abuse
Monitoring (ADAM) program. The ADAM program collected data in 35 major
metropolitan sites across the United States in 1998, up from 23 in 1997. Arrestees are
interviewed and asked to provide urine specimens that are tested for evidence of drug
use. Urinalysis results can be matched to arrestee characteristics to help monitor trends
in drug use. The sample size of the data set varies from site to site. Most sites collect
data from 300�700 adult male arrestees, 100�300 female arrestees (at 32 sites), and
150�300 juvenile male arrestees (at 13 sites).
El Paso Intelligence Center
(Source for Table 67)
The El Paso Intelligence Center (EPIC) maintains the National Clandestine Laboratory
Seizure Database containing information obtained from federal, state, and local law
enforcement. EPIC was established in 1974 as a Southwest Border intelligence service
center. Today, EPIC still concentrates primarily on drug movement and immigration
violations. Staffing at the DEA-led center has increased to more than 300 analysts, agents,
and support personnel from 15 federal agencies, the Texas Department of Public Safety,
and the Texas Air National Guard. Information sharing agreements with other federal
law enforcement agencies, the Royal Canadian Mounted Police, and each of the 50
states ensure that EPIC support is available to those who need it. Real-time information
is maintained at EPIC via different federal databases, and EPIC�s own internal database.
The European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs: Alcohol and Other Drug Use Among Students in 30 European Countries
(Source for Table 73)
The European School Survey Project on Alcohol and Other Drugs (ESPAD) was
jointly published by the Swedish Council for Information on Alcohol and Other Drugs,
CAN Council of Europe, Co-Operation Group to Combat Drug Abuse and Illicit
Trafficking in Drugs (the Pompidou Group). Under this project, data on drug use
prevalence were collected from annual school surveys in up to 30 different European
countries and the United States in 1995 and 1999. The target age of youth surveyed was
15, or approximately 10th grade, and the substances focused on included alcohol,
tobacco, and other drugs. The group plans to repeat the surveys every fourth year.
Back to Top
List of Tables—National Data
Drug User Expenditures
Table 1 Total U.S. Expenditures on Illicit Drugs, 1988�2000 ($ Billions)
Drug Use
Table 2 Trends in Selected Drug Use Indicators, 1979�2000 (Estimated Number and
Percent Prevalence)
Table 3 Estimated Number of Chronic and Occasional Users of Cocaine and Heroin,
1988�2000 (Thousands)
Table 4 Drug Use by Current Employment Status, 1995�2000 (Percent Prevalence)
Table 5 Trends in 30-Day Prevalence of Selected Drugs Among 8th, 10th, and 12th
Graders, Monitoring the Future Study, 1991�2001 (Percent Prevalence)
Table 6 Trends in Harmfulness of Drugs as Perceived by 8th, 10th, and 12th Graders,
Monitoring the Future Study, 1991�2001
Table 7 Percentage of High School Students Who Used Selected Drugs by Sex,
Race/Ethnicity, and Grade, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1990, 1991, 1993,
1995, 1997, and 1999
Table 8 Percentage of High School Students Who Reported Engaging in Drug-Related
Behaviors on School Property by Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Grade, Youth Risk
Behavior Survey, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1995, 1997, and 1999
Table 9 Percentage of Alternative High School Students Who Used Selected Drugs by Sex, Race/Ethnicity, and Grade, 1998
Table 10 Annual High School Dropout Rates for Grades 10�12 by Sex, Race, and
Hispanic Origin, 1980�2000
Table 11 Past-Month Drug Use for Youth Aged 12�21, by Age, Dropout Status, Type of Drug Used, and Race/Ethnicity: 1992 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (Percent Prevalence)
Table 12 Lifetime Costs of Dropping Out of High School (1993 $)
Table 13 Summary of the Monetary Value of Saving a High-Risk Youth ($ Thousands)
Table 14 Substance Abuse among Probationers, State Prison Inmates, and Federal Prison Inmates
Table 15 Alcohol, Drug, and Mental Health (ADM) Problems Among Homeless Clients, 1996
Table 16 Characteristics Perceived by Respondents to Prevent Exit From Homelessness,
1996
Table 17 Substance Use Experiences by Homeless Status, 1996
Drug Use Consequences
Table 18 Estimated Costs to Society of Drug Abuse, 1992�2000 ($ Millions)
Table 19 Estimated Productivity Losses Due to Drug Abuse, 1992�2000 ($ Millions)
Table 20 Number of Deaths and Death Rates from Drug-Induced Causes, by Sex and Race, U.S., 1979�1999
Table 21 Trends in Drug-Related Emergency Room Episodes and Selected Drug Mentions, 1988�2000
Table 22 Estimated Number of Persons Living with AIDS by Sex and Exposure Category, 1993�1999
Table 23 Estimated Number of Deaths of Persons With AIDS, by Sex and Exposure Category, 1993�1999
Table 24 Reported Tuberculosis Cases and Percent of Cases in Injecting and Noninjecting Drug Users, 1996�2000
Table 25 Reported Hepatitis Cases, 1995�1999
Table 26 Total Crime, Violent Crime, and Property Crime, 1989�2000
Table 27 Total Estimated Arrests and Drug Arrests, 1989�2000
Table 28 Adult Drug Offenders in Custody of State or Federal Prisons, 1989�2000
Drug Treatment
Table 29 One-Day Census of Clients in Treatment, by Facility Ownership, 1980�2000
Table 30 One-Day Census of Clients in Alcohol and/or Drug Abuse Treatment, by Age Group and by Type of Care, 1987�2000
Table 31 Estimated Number of Persons Age 12 or Older Who Needed and Received Treatment for an Illicit Drug Problem in the Past Year, by Demographic Characteristics, 2000 (Thousands)
Drug Availability
Table 32 Trends in Cocaine Supply, 1989�2000 (Metric Tons)
Table 33 Average Price and Purity of Cocaine and Heroin in the United States, 1981�2000
Table 34 Federal-wide Cocaine, Heroin, Methamphetamine, and Cannabis Seizures, 1989�2001 (Kilograms)
Table 35 Eradicated Domestic Cannabis by Plant Type, 1982�2001 (Plants in Thousands)
Table 36 Estimated Worldwide Potential Net Production of Opium, 1987�2000 (Metric Tons)
Table 37 Estimated Worldwide Potential Net Production of Cannabis, 1987�2000
(Metric Tons)
Table 38 Estimated Worldwide Potential Net Production of Coca Leaf, 1987�2000 (Metric Tons)
Table 39 Domestic Drug Consumption, Calendar Years 1996�2000 (Metric Tons)
Table 40 Trends in Heroin Supply, 1996�2000 (Metric Tons)
Table 41 Amount of Coca Leaf Cultivated and Eradicated, Calendar Years 1987�2000 (Hectares)
Table 42 Amount of Opium Poppy Cultivated and Eradicated, Calendar Years 1990�2000 (Hectares)
Table 43 Amount of Cannabis Cultivated and Eradicated by Foreign Countries, Calendar Years 1990�2000 (Hectares)
Table 44 Amount of Cocaine Seized by Foreign Countries, Calendar Years 1990�2000 (Metric Tons)
Table 45 Amount of Heroin Seized by Foreign Countries, Calendar Years 1990�2000 (Kilograms)
Table 46 Amount of Marijuana Seized by Foreign Countries, Calendar Years 1990�2000 (Metric Tons)
Table 47 Number of Drug Labs Destroyed by Foreign Countries, Calendar Years 1990�2000
Table 48 DEA-Reported Seizures of MDMA, 1998�2001
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List of Tables—State, Local, and International Data
Table 49 Estimated Numbers (Thousands) and Percentages of Past-Month Users of Any Illicit Drug, by State or Jurisdiction, Age 12 and Older, 1999
Table 50 Estimated Numbers of Persons Age 12 or Older Needing but Not Receiving Treatment for an Illicit Drug Problem in the Past Year, by State, 2000
Table 51 Number of Clients in Treatment Age 12 or Older by Substance Abuse Problem,
According to State or Jurisdiction, October 1, 1997, October 1, 1998, and
October 1, 2000
Table 52 Percentage of Adult Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Any Drug, by Location,
1991�2000
Table 53 Percentage of Adult Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Marijuana, by Location,
1991�2000
Table 54 Percentage of Adult Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Cocaine, by Location,
1991�2000
Table 55 Percentage of Adult Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Opiates, by Location,
1991�2000
Table 56 Percentage of Adult Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Methamphetamine,
by Location, 1991�2000
Table 57 Percentage of Adult Female Booked Arrestees Who Used Any Drug,
by Location, 1991�2000
Table 58 Percentage of Adult Female Booked Arrestees Who Used Marijuana,
by Location, 1991�2000
Table 59 Percentage of Adult Female Booked Arrestees Who Used Cocaine, by Location,
1991�2000
Table 60 Percentage of Adult Female Booked Arrestees Who Used Opiates, by Location,
1991�2000
Table 61 Percentage of Adult Female Booked Arrestees Who Used Methamphetamine,
by Location, 1991�2000
Table 62 Percentage of Juvenile Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Any Drug,
by Location, 1994�2000
Table 63 Percentage of Juvenile Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Marijuana,
by Location, 1994�2000
Table 64 Percentage of Juvenile Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Cocaine, by Location,
1994�2000
Table 65 Percentage of Juvenile Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Opiates, by Location,
1994�2000
Table 66 Percentage of Juvenile Male Booked Arrestees Who Used Methamphetamine,
by Location, 1997�2000
Table 67 Methamphetamine Lab Seizures, by State: 1995�2001
Table 68 Estimated Number of Emergency Department Drug Episodes, by Metropolitan Area, 1993�2000
Table 69 Estimated Number of Emergency Department Cocaine Mentions, by Metropolitan Area, 1993�2000
Table 70 Estimated Number of Emergency Department Heroin/Morphine Mentions, by Metropolitan Area, 1993�2000
Table 71 Estimated Number of Emergency Department Marijuana/Hashish Mentions, by Metropolitan Area, 1993�2000
Table 72 Estimated Number of Emergency Department Methamphetamine/Speed Mentions, by Metropolitan Area, 1993�2000
Table 73 Alcohol and Other Drug Use Among Students in Selected European Countries and the United States, 1995 and 1999
Table 74 Percentage of High School Students Who Used Selected Drugs by State, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1999 State Surveys
Table 75 Percentage of High School Students Who Used Selected Drugs in Selected Cities, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1999 Local Surveys
