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DRUG USE CONSEQUENCES
Table 20. Number of Deaths and Death Rates from Drug-Induced
Causes,1 by Sex and Race: U.S., 1979�19992
|
Year
|
Both sexes
|
Male
|
Female
|
White
|
All non-white
|
Black3
|
|
Number
|
|
1979
|
7,101
|
3,656
|
3,445
|
6,116
|
985
|
897
|
|
1980
|
6,900
|
3,771
|
3,129
|
5,814
|
1,086
|
1,006
|
|
1981
|
7,106
|
3,835
|
3,271
|
5,863
|
1,243
|
1,152
|
|
1982
|
7,310
|
4,130
|
3,180
|
5,991
|
1,319
|
1,212
|
|
1983
|
7,492
|
4,145
|
3,347
|
6,187
|
1,305
|
1,194
|
|
1984
|
7,892
|
4,640
|
3,252
|
6,309
|
1,583
|
1,480
|
|
1985
|
8,663
|
5,342
|
3,321
|
6,946
|
1,717
|
1,600
|
|
1986
|
9,976
|
6,284
|
3,692
|
7,948
|
2,028
|
1,906
|
|
1987
|
9,796
|
6,146
|
3,650
|
7,547
|
2,249
|
2,101
|
|
1988
|
10,917
|
7,004
|
3,913
|
8,409
|
2,508
|
2,395
|
|
1989
|
10,710
|
6,895
|
3,815
|
8,336
|
2,374
|
2,236
|
|
1990
|
9,463
|
5,897
|
3,566
|
7,603
|
1,860
|
1,703
|
|
1991
|
10,388
|
6,593
|
3,795
|
8,204
|
2,184
|
2,037
|
|
1992
|
11,703
|
7,766
|
3,937
|
9,360
|
2,343
|
2,148
|
|
1993
|
13,275
|
9,052
|
4,223
|
10,394
|
2,881
|
2,688
|
|
1994
|
13,923
|
9,491
|
4,432
|
10,895
|
3,028
|
2,780
|
|
1995
|
14,218
|
9,909
|
4,309
|
11,173
|
3,045
|
2,800
|
|
1996
|
14,843
|
10,093
|
4,750
|
11,903
|
2,940
|
2,682
|
|
1997
|
15,973
|
10,991
|
4,982
|
12,863
|
3,110
|
2,816
|
|
1998
|
16,926
|
11,462
|
5,464
|
13,811
|
3,115
|
2,831
|
|
1998 ICD-10
|
20,227
|
13,697
|
6,529
|
16,504
|
3,722
|
3,383
|
|
1999 ICD-10
|
19,102
|
12,873
|
6,229
|
15,694
|
3,408
|
3,094
|
|
Rate per 100,000
population
|
|
1979
|
3.2
|
3.4
|
3.0
|
3.2
|
3.2
|
3.4
|
|
1980
|
3.0
|
3.4
|
2.7
|
3.0
|
3.4
|
3.8
|
|
1981
|
3.1
|
3.4
|
2.8
|
3.0
|
3.8
|
4.2
|
|
1982
|
3.2
|
3.7
|
2.7
|
3.0
|
3.9
|
4.4
|
|
1983
|
3.2
|
3.6
|
2.8
|
3.1
|
3.8
|
4.3
|
|
1984
|
3.3
|
4.0
|
2.7
|
3.1
|
4.5
|
5.2
|
|
1985
|
3.6
|
4.6
|
2.7
|
3.4
|
4.8
|
5.6
|
|
1986
|
4.2
|
5.4
|
3.0
|
3.9
|
5.5
|
6.6
|
|
1987
|
4.0
|
5.2
|
2.9
|
3.7
|
6.0
|
7.2
|
|
1988
|
4.5
|
5.9
|
3.1
|
4.1
|
6.5
|
8.1
|
|
1989
|
4.3
|
5.7
|
3.0
|
4.0
|
6.0
|
7.4
|
|
1990
|
3.8
|
4.9
|
2.8
|
3.6
|
4.6
|
5.6
|
|
1991
|
4.1
|
5.4
|
2.9
|
3.9
|
5.3
|
6.5
|
|
1992
|
4.6
|
6.2
|
3.0
|
4.4
|
5.6
|
6.8
|
|
1993
|
5.1
|
7.2
|
3.2
|
4.8
|
6.7
|
8.4
|
|
1994
|
5.3
|
7.5
|
3.3
|
5.0
|
6.9
|
8.5
|
|
1995
|
5.4
|
7.7
|
3.2
|
5.1
|
6.8
|
8.4
|
|
1996
|
5.6
|
7.8
|
3.5
|
5.4
|
6.5
|
8.0
|
|
1997
|
6.0
|
8.4
|
3.6
|
5.8
|
6.7
|
8.3
|
|
1998
|
6.3
|
8.7
|
4.0
|
6.2
|
6.6
|
8.2
|
|
1998 ICD-10
|
7.5
|
10.4
|
4.8
|
7.4
|
7.9
|
9.8
|
|
1999 ICD-10
|
7.0
|
9.7
|
4.5
|
7.0
|
7.1
|
8.9
|
1Causes of death attributable to drug-induced mortality under ICD-9 include drug psychoses (292); drug dependence
(304); nondependent use of drugs not including alcohol and tobacco (305.2�305.9); accidental poisoning by drugs,
medicaments, and biologicals (E850�E858); suicide by drugs, medicaments, and biologicals (E950.0�E950.5); assault
from poisoning by drugs and medicaments (E962.0); and poisoning by drugs, medicaments, and biologicals, undetermined
whether accidentally or purposely inflicted (E980.0�E980.5). Drug-induced causes exclude accidents, homicides, and other
causes indirectly related to drug use. Also excluded are newborn deaths associated with mothers� drug use.
2In 1999, cause of death coding was revised to ICD-10. Modified figures for 1998 were calculated based on comparability
ratios for drug-induced deaths according to ICD-9 and ICD-10. The new
coding scheme yields 19.5 percent more drug-induced
deaths compared to
the old system using 1998 data. The implementation of ICD-10 represents
a break in the trend data.
3Black is a subgroup of All non-white.
Sources: Murphy, S.L., "Deaths: Final Data for 1998." National Vital Statistics Reports, 48 (11) Hyattsville, MD: Centers
for Disease Control and Prevention/National Center for Health Statistics (2000) for 1979�1998 ICD-9 data; and Hoyert,
D.L., Arias, E., Smith, B.L., et al., "Deaths: Final Data for 1999," National Vital Statistics Reports, 49 (8), Hyattsville, MD:
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/National Center for Health Statistics (2001) for 1998�1999 ICD-10 data.
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